Mask
Due to the emergence of the coronavirus in 2020, face mask became essential. In fact, wearing a mask can suppress the spread of the virus. In the Pulse Physiology engine, face mask are not modeled yet. However, medical mask that are able to provide a higher fraction of inspired oxygen are available in the engine.
Type of mask |
flow of oxygen (L/min) |
Nasal cannula |
3.5 |
Simple mask |
7.5 |
NonRebreather mask |
10 |
Here, we tried the different masks with their default values, and compared the results with the standard male Pulse patient. We obtained the following graphics:
The masks seem to be effective. In fact, the masks provide a higher fraction of inspired oxygen. As a result, the end tidal C02 fraction decreases. If we display the end tidal oxygen volume, we can notice an increase proportionately to the oxygen supply.
References
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[CO2] Rebecca Lindsey Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide August 14, 2020
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[C02_emissions] STEPHANIE OSMANSKI How Do Carbon Emissions Affect the Environment? MAR. 30 2020
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[energy_in_buildings] Why are household energy efficiency measures important for tackling climate change? 5 June, 2018
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[Ibat] Christophe Prudhomme 4fastsim-ibat OCTOBER 21, 2019
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[IAQ] Indoor Air Quality
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[IAQ_covid] Indoor Air and Coronavirus
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[pulse] Pulse
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[Respiratory_Methodology] Pulse respiratory
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[low_airway] Cambridge University Press The Lower Airways 2019
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[dead_space] Dead space and its components
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[respiration] Respiration
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[normal_pulse] Pulse & Heart Rate
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[blood_pressure] Blood pressure
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[med_ill] Medical illustration
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[end_tidal_carbon_dioxide] End-Tidal CO2 May 2018
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[lung_vol] Lung volumes
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[skin_temp] Skin temperature
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[rep_sys_list] Respiratory System List
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[altitude_hr] Elevated Thinking: Altitude and the Heart Mar 30, 2012
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[lung_ha] The lung at high altitude
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[everest_ha] Robert Preidt Everest Study Finds High Altitude Affects BP Aug. 27, 2014
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[thin_air] Living in thin air
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[body_temp] Body temperature
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[covid_mask] Mask
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[ventilator] Jeffrey B. Webb ,Aaron Bray,Philip K. Asare,Rachel B. Clipp,Yatin B. Mehta,Sudheer Penupolu,Aalpen A. Patel,S. Mark Poler Computational simulation to assess patient safety of uncompensated COVID-19 two-patient ventilator sharing using the Pulse Physiology Engine November 25, 2020